Japan’s Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) Forms Special Task Force After H3 Rocket Launch Failure
January 1, 2026
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Japan’s space agency, JAXA, has assembled a dedicated Special Task Force to investigate the recent failure of the H3 rocket launch, which took place on Monday. This incident marks the eighth flight of Japan’s newest medium-lift launch vehicle, designed to replace the older H-IIA series.
Overview of the H3 Rocket
The H3 rocket, developed by JAXA, is versatile in its capabilities, capable of launching either on its own or with the aid of two or four solid-fuel boosters. Its flexible design allows it to undertake a variety of missions, making it a vital component of Japan’s space ambitions.
Historical Performance and Recent Setback
The maiden flight of the H3 took place in March 2023, but ended in failure when the rocket did not receive the command to ignite its second stage. As a result, the vehicle slowed down and was destroyed by JAXA to mitigate further risk.
Following this initial setback, the next six H3 launches were successful. However, the most recent mission on Monday experienced a critical issue: the second stage engine’s second ignition failed to start normally and shut down prematurely, leading to the mission’s failure.
Current Status and Implications
The H3 now has a failure rate of 25 percent—an issue that raises concerns both domestically and internationally. The mission carried the satellite QZS-5, intended to enhance Japan’s seven-satellite navigation system, reducing reliance on foreign-controlled services.
Strategic Significance for Japan
This setback is significant for Japan, whose space program plays a strategic role in the country’s future. The H3’s failure impacts plans to launch key projects, including LUPEX, a water-spotting satellite scheduled for 2027 and part of Japan’s contribution to the Artemis program, the US-led initiative to establish a human presence on the Moon. JAXA has partnered with India’s Space Research Organization (ISRO) on this project.
Upcoming Missions and International Collaborations
Meanwhile, ISRO is preparing for the upcoming Christmas Eve launch of its LVM3 rocket, which will carry the AST SpaceMobile’s BlueBird Block-2 satellite. This satellite aims to provide cellular broadband connectivity accessible through everyday smartphones. The LVM3’s sixth mission highlights India’s advancing space capabilities and international collaboration efforts.
